What should you do if you find a patient unconscious and not breathing?

When encountering a patient who is unconscious and not breathing, the most critical, immediate action is to begin CPR. This response is essential because the lack of breathing indicates that the patient's heart may not be pumping effectively, leading to a life-threatening situation. Starting CPR helps maintain blood flow to vital organs, especially the brain, and can significantly increase the chances of survival until emergency medical services (EMS) arrive.

Initiating CPR without delay has been shown to improve outcomes in cardiac arrest scenarios. It is crucial to remember that doing something is better than doing nothing in these situations.

While checking for a pulse could be considered in some training scenarios, the lack of breathing necessitates immediate action, and the chances of finding a pulse in this situation are slim. Calling 911 is also a necessary step, but it should be done concurrently with starting CPR rather than waiting, as the minutes are critical for the patient’s survival. Providing water is inappropriate and can pose choking risks, particularly for an unconscious person who cannot swallow.

Thus, beginning CPR immediately is the correct and life-saving action to take when faced with an unconscious, non-breathing patient.