What is the best alternative method of ventilation when unable to use a bag-valve-mask (BVM) alone?

Using a nonrebreather mask is the best alternative method of ventilation when a bag-valve-mask (BVM) cannot be used effectively. The nonrebreather mask is specifically designed to deliver a high concentration of oxygen to the patient and has a reservoir bag that fills with oxygen. This configuration allows for a higher oxygen flow rate, ensuring that the patient receives sufficient oxygenation, especially in situations where they may be experiencing respiratory distress or failure.

In scenarios where BVM ventilation may be ineffective or difficult, such as in cases of facial injuries, obstructive conditions, or when the patient is unable to maintain an adequate seal, the nonrebreather mask serves as a reliable option. It does not require a significant effort from the patient to receive oxygen, and it can provide approximately 90% to 100% oxygen concentration, which is crucial during emergencies requiring immediate respiratory support.

Other options are less suitable for delivering high flow oxygen effectively in emergency situations. A simple face mask provides some oxygen but lacks the ability to prevent exhaled air from mixing with the oxygen supply, which reduces its efficiency. Nasal cannulas deliver only a small amount of oxygen and are more appropriate for patients with milder respiratory needs. Using an oxygen tank with a